Tag: sleep

  • Deep Sleep Is Vital To Health

    Sleep Well

    Pink eye mask with closed eyes and gold stars around it.

    *  While the body rests during sleep, the brain remains active. During deep sleep, hormones are made that:

    *  Promote growth and repair cells and tissues

    *  Fight infections

    *  Help the body control hunger

    *  Most healthy adults need between seven and a half to nine hours of sleep per night to function at their best.

    Dos

    *  Keep your bedroom quiet, dark, and comfortable.

    *  Have a warm cup of tea without caffeine before bedtime.

    *  Go to bed at the same time each night and get up at the same time each morning.

    *  Get some exercise during the day.

    Don’ts

    *  Don’t sleep with lights or the TV on.

    *  Don’t have a night cap. Alcohol before bedtime robs you of deep sleep.

    *  Don’t eat large meals before bedtime.

    *  Don’t watch screens or scroll through news and social media at least one hour before bedtime.

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Sleep Apnea

    Sleep Well

    Man wearing a CPAP machine while sleeping.

    Persons with this sleep disorder may not fully wake up and remain unaware that their nighttime breathing is abnormal.

    The most common type of sleep apnea is obstructive sleep apnea. With this, the airway narrows or gets blocked during sleep. This causes loud snoring, harsh breathing, and snorting sounds. Breathing may stop for 10 or more seconds at a time. Daytime sleepiness is another common symptom.

    See your doctor if you have these signs, including if your sleep partner notices them but you do not. If left untreated, sleep apnea can lead to heart disease, high blood pressure, and other problems.

    Learn more about sleep apnea from the National Sleep Foundation atsleepfoundation.organd the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research atnhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-apnea.

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Sleep Disorders & Snoring 2

    Sleep Well

    Not getting enough sleep can cause you to be sleepy during the day. It can make you less able to function. Snoring and sleep disorders can cause these problems, too.

    Insomnia

    Signs & Symptoms

    *  Having trouble falling asleep. Waking up in the middle of the night. Waking up too early and not being able to get back to sleep.

    *  Feeling like you didn’t get enough sleep.

    Causes

    *  Too much caffeine. Drinking alcohol and/or smoking before bedtime.

    *  Too much noise when falling asleep.

    *  Emotional stress. Depression. Anxiety. The manic phase of bipolar disorder.

    *  Fibromyalgia.

    *  Over active thyroid gland.

    *  Any condition, illness, injury, or surgery that causes enough pain or discomfort to interrupt sleep. Heart or lung conditions that cause shortness of breath when lying down. Side effects of some medicines, such as over-the-counter diet pills or decongestants.

    *  Changes in sleep/wake schedules, such as with work shift changes and jet lag.

    *  In children, nightmares or bed-wetting.

    Treatment

    *  Self-care and prevention tips.

    *  Treating the problem.

    *  Prescribed short-acting sleeping pills.

    Self-Care / Prevention

    *  Avoid caffeine for 8 hours before bedtime.

    *  Avoid long naps during the day.

    *  Have no more than 1 alcoholic drink with or after dinner.

    *  Avoid using electronic devices, such as a laptop computer before falling asleep and in the middle of the night. The type of light that emits from these devices makes it hard to fall asleep.

    *  Avoid nicotine. Don’t smoke. Stay away from secondhand smoke.

    *  Get regular exercise, but not within a few hours of going to bed.

    *  Before bedtime, take a warm bath or read a book, etc. Avoid things that hold your attention, such as watching a suspense movie.

    *  Keep your bedroom quiet, dark, and comfortable.

    *  Follow a bedtime routine. Lock or check doors and windows, brush your teeth, etc.

    *  Count sheep! Picture a repeated image. Doing this may bore you to sleep.

    *  Listen to recordings that help promote sleep.

    *  Take over-the- counter sleep aids, (e.g., melatonin, Tylenol PM, etc.) as advised by your doctor. Don’t take anyone else’s sleeping pills.

    *  If you wake up and can’t get back to sleep or can’t fall asleep, after 30 minutes, get out of bed. Read a relaxing book or sit quietly in the dark. In about 20 minutes, go back to bed. Do this as many times as needed.

    Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) and Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS)

    Signs & Symptoms

    *  Creeping, crawling, pulling and/or painful feelings in one or both legs.

    *  Jerking or bending leg movements that you can’t control during sleep.

    Causes

    The cause is not known. These factors play a role:

    *  Family history of RLS.

    *  The last months of a pregnancy.

    *  Chronic diseases, such as kidney failure, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis.

    Treatment

    *  Self-care and prevention tips.

    *  Prescribed medicines to control symptoms.

    *  A type of electric nerve stimulation.

    Self-Care / Prevention

    *  Take medications as prescribed. Let your doctor know if the medicine no longer helps.

    *  For relief, move the legs. Walk, rub, or massage them or do knee bends.

    *  Limit or avoid caffeine.

    *  Take a warm bath before bedtime.

    Sleep Apnea

    Signs & Symptoms

    *  Loud snoring and snorting sounds while sleeping on the back.

    *  Repeated periods when breathing stops 10 or more seconds during sleep.

    *  Waking up many times during the night. Excessive daytime sleepiness.

    *  Exhaustion. Hard time concentrating. Acting very cranky. Depression or other mental changes.

    *  Early morning headaches.

    Causes

    *  Too much muscle tissue is in the airway or the tissue relaxes and sags. These things narrow or block the airway. Persons who snore loudly and are overweight are more prone to these problems.

    *  A physical problem in the nose or upper airway.

    Treatment

    The goal is to keep the airway open during sleep. This is done with self-care measures and one of these treatments:

    *  A mouth guard dental device custom made by a dentist. This is worn during sleep. It pushes the lower jaw forward to open the air passage behind the tongue.

    *  A nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device. Pressure from an air blower forces air through the nasal passages using a mask worn over the nose during sleep.

    *  Surgery to correct the cause of the airway obstruction.

    Self-Care / Prevention

    *  Lose weight, if you are overweight.

    *  Don’t drink alcohol. Don’t use tobacco products.

    *  Don’t take sleeping pills or sedatives.

    *  Use methods, such as those listed under Self-Care / Prevention – For Snoring to keep from sleeping on your back.

    Snoring

    Signs & Symptoms

    *  Loud sounds. Harsh breathing. Snorting sounds. These occur during sleep.

    Causes

    *  Sleeping on the back. The tongue falls back toward the throat and partly closes the airway.

    *  Nasal congestion from allergies or colds. Smoking. Drinking alcohol. Taking sedatives. Overeating (especially before bedtime).

    *  Sleep apnea or chronic respiratory disease.

    *  An obstructed airway. This can be due to enlarged tonsils or being overweight.

    *  Changes in hormones, such as during menopause or the last month of pregnancy.

    Treatment

    Self-care treats most cases. Other options are:

    *  Wearing a dental device that holds the jaw in a forward position.

    *  Surgery, if needed, to correct the problem.

    *  Treatment for sleep apnea, if needed.

    Self-Care / Prevention

    *  Sleep on your side. Prop an extra pillow behind your back so you won’t roll over. Sleep on a narrow sofa for a few nights to get used to staying on your side.

    *  Sew a large marble or tennis ball into a pocket on the back of your pajamas. This can help you stay on your side when you sleep.

    *  If you must sleep on your back, raise the head of the bed 6 inches on bricks or blocks. Or buy a wedge that is made to be placed between the mattress and box spring to elevate the head section.

    *  Lose weight, if you are overweight. Excess fatty tissue in the throat can cause snoring. Losing 10% of your body weight will help.

    *  Don’t smoke. If you do, quit. Limit or don’t have alcohol, sedatives, or a heavy meal within 3 hours of bedtime.

    *  To relieve nasal congestion, try a decongestant before you go to bed.

    *  Get rid of allergens in the bedroom. These include dust, down-filled (feathered) pillows, and down-filled bed linen.

    *  Try over-the-counter “nasal strips.” These keep the nostrils open and lift them up. This helps lessen congestion in nasal passages.

    Questions to Ask

    How Much Sleep is Needed?

    *  Adults need between 7 and 9 hours of sleep each night.

    *  Teens need at least 8-1/2 to 9-1/4 hours of sleep each night.

    *  After 6 months of age, most children sleep between 9 and 12 hours at night. Up to age 5, children may also take daytime naps for a total of 1/2 to 2 hours a day.

    Resources

    National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (NCSDR)

    301.435.0199

    www.nhlbi.nih.gov/about/ncsdr

    National Sleep Foundation

    703.243.1697

    www.sleepfoundation.org

    Healthier at Home book by the American Institute for Preventive Medicine. www.HealthyLife.com. All rights reserved.

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Beating Jet Lag

    SELF-CARE CORNER

    Man sleeping on plane.

    Summer travel plans may take you to places across the globe. While this can be exciting, switching to a different time zone can take a toll on the body.

    The body has its own internal clock that tells you when to be awake and when to sleep. This is your circadian rhythm.

    If you travel to a different time zone, the clock gets disrupted:

    You may be awake when it’s nighttime or want to sleep during the day. This can make you exhausted. Jet lag can also cause:

    *  Headaches

    *  Feeling irritable

    *  Trouble concentrating

    *  Loss of appetite

    *  Upset stomach

    *  Diarrhea

    There are some ways to fight jet lag so you can enjoy your trip:

    *  Stay hydrated. Drink plenty of water before, during, and after your arrival.

    *  Avoid alcohol. Some people think a nightcap will help them sleep. But alcohol actually disrupts sleep and makes you more tired.

    *  Use your travel time wisely. If you’ll be on a plane during the “new” night time, try to rest. Use a sleep mask and ear plugs. Avoid staring at TV screens or other devices.

    *  Be careful with caffeine. If you must have caffeine, drink it in the new time zone’s morning hours. Avoid it after lunch.

    *  Get out in the sun. When you get to your destination, go outside if it’s daytime. This will help to tell your body when to be awake.

    *  Skip naps if possible. Napping could make it harder for you to fall asleep at the correct time. If you take a nap at 6 p.m., you could be awake most of the night.

    *  Consider melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone that your body makes to tell you that it’s time for sleep. Taking melatonin at your new bedtime can help you sleep better. It is available over-the-counter, but ask your doctor before trying it.

    Source: National Sleep Foundation

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Sleep Tips

    Sleep Well

    Man sleeping.

    Nothing makes you feel better than a good night’s sleep.

    *  Do physical exercise daily.

    *  Follow a regular daily schedule for meals and snacks.

    *  Don’t have more than 1 alcoholic drink with or after dinner. Avoid large meals near bedtime.

    *  Plan to wake up about the same time everyday. Avoid long naps during the day.

    *  Get sunlight everyday, especially in the afternoon.

    *  Dim the lights in the house an hour or two before going to bed.

    *  Follow a bedtime routine. Keep your bedroom dark, quiet, and comfortable.

    *  Limit caffeine. Do not have any for 6 hours before bedtime.

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Daily Habits For A Restful Sleep

    SELF-CARE CORNER

    Clock sitting on night stand.

    Your habits during the day have a significant influence on how well you sleep. From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, the choices you make determine whether your body will be ready to rest at bedtime.

    Creating a sleep-minded daily routine will set the stage for a good night’s rest. If you’re struggling to fall asleep or stay asleep, it’s time to reset your daily rhythm so you wake up refreshed and ready to go.

    Get up at the same time each day

    A consistent sleep schedule lets your body know when to be alert and when to settle down for bed. Getting up at the same time each day is essential to establish a sleep rhythm.

    Think of getting up in the morning as step one of your sleep schedule. If step one is consistent, then all the other steps can fall into place. If you’re tired, it’s better to go to bed early than sleep in late.

    Spend time outside

    Natural light is a signal to the body that it’s time to be awake and alert. Being outdoors stimulates hormones related to your circadian rhythm. These hormones help determine how energetic you feel during the day and how well you sleep at night.

    Exposure to early morning sunlight is ideal for regulating your sleep/wake pattern. If you are unable to get outside, use bright lights early in the day to simulate sunlight.

    Exercise in the morning

    Being physically active first thing in the morning can give you a boost of energy. The more active and energetic you feel during the day, the more likely you will wind down at night.

    If exercising first thing isn’t possible, make sure to get your exercise in as early in the day as you can. Avoid exercising within a few hours of bedtime as it may make you too energized to fall asleep.

    Eat consistent meals

    The timing of your meals is an important part of your sleep cycle. When you eat, you are communicating the time of day to your body. Consistent meals also provide energy so you can be alert and productive during your waking hours.

    Avoid skipping meals or snacking late at night. Eating or drinking close to bedtime sends the wrong signal. At night, you want your energy levels to drop and your body to focus on repair and rest.

    Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Sleep Well, Be Well

    Sleep Well

    A cup of tea and an eye mask with the word "Good Night!"

    Poor sleep habits affect memory and mood. Adults need about seven to eight hours of sleep nightly to be at their best physically and mentally during waking hours.

    Action Step: Set up a bedtime routine. Take a warm bath or shower. Choose your outfit for the next day. Brush and floss your teeth.

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Help For Restless Legs

    SELF-CARE CORNER

    Close up feet laying in bed.

    Do you feel a twitchy, jumpy feeling in your legs when you sit or lie down? Do you have an urge to move your legs when you go to bed at night? If so, you may have restless legs syndrome (RLS).

    What is RLS?

    RLS is known as a sleep disorder, although it can happen when you’re awake or asleep. It occurs when you’re resting or lying still, and is more common at night. Because it can interfere with sleep, RLS is linked to:

    *  Daytime sleepiness

    *  Memory problems or trouble concentrating

    *  Mood changes

    *  Job performance issues

    *  Problems with personal relationships

    RLS affects people of any age, but tends to cause more problems in older adults.

    What causes it?

    RLS can run in families, especially if your symptoms began before age 40. Experts believe RLS may be related to a problem in the part of the brain that controls movement. It may be linked to certain health problems, including:

    *  Low iron in your blood (iron deficiency anemia)

    *  End-stage renal (kidney) disease

    *  Neuropathy (nerve damage)

    Most of the time, though, there’s no clear cause of RLS.

    Self-care tips for restless legs

    You may be able to manage mild RLS at home. Try these tips:

    *  Avoid caffeine. Drinks like coffee, tea, energy drinks and cola usually contain caffeine.

    *  Don’t smoke. Ask your doctor if you need help quitting.

    *  Avoid alcohol.

    *  Get moderate exercise early in the day. Don’t exercise right before bedtime.

    *  Try relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation or yoga before bed.

    *  Make sleep a priority. Go to bed and get up at the same time each day. Aim for seven to eight hours of sleep each night.

    See your doctor regularly and tell your doctor about any symptoms you’re having. You may also want to ask if you should get your iron levels checked. Doctors sometimes treat more severe cases of RLS with medications.

    Sources: American Academy of Family Physicians, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • How Caffeine Affects Your Brain

    WELL-BEING

    Two people walking and talking.

    Every day, millions of people wake up with a hot cup of coffee or tea. Caffeine in these products helps you feel alert. But how does caffeine work – and what does it do to your brain?

    Adenosine and sleepiness

    Your body naturally makes a chemical called adenosine. It builds up in your body during the day. As levels get higher, you start to feel tired.

    Caffeine blocks adenosine from working on brain cells. This prevents you from feeling sleepy. But it can’t fool your body forever. Over time, your body makes more adenosine. Then you need more caffeine to get the same “perk-up” effects.

    Adenosine is one of the reasons it’s hard to quit caffeine. When you suddenly stop, your body must start making lower levels of adenosine again. This takes time. You might feel more tired or get headaches while your body adjusts.

    Sensitivity varies

    Have you ever had too much caffeine? You might feel sick to your stomach or like your heart is racing. You may also feel anxious or nervous.

    But not everyone has this reaction. Some people break down caffeine faster than other people. How fast you process caffeine depends on your genes.

    Who should skip caffeine?

    Avoid caffeine if you have:

    *  Acid reflux or other digestive problems

    *  Trouble sleeping or sleep disorders

    *  High blood pressure

    *  Heart conditions

    Children, teens and women who are pregnant or breastfeeding are often advised to stay away from caffeine, too.

    Is caffeine safe?

    For most healthy adults, a little caffeine each day is OK. But choose sources without lots of added sugar, such as overly sweetened coffee drinks and sweet teas. And if you’re tired all the time, make sure you’re:

    *  Getting enough sleep

    *  Eating a healthy diet

    *  Drinking enough water each day

    *  Getting regular exercise, which can boost your energy levels

    Talk to your doctor if you have questions about caffeine and your health.

    Source: National Institutes of Health

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine

  • Keeping Your Brain Healthy

    WELL-BEING

    Elderly female painting.

    Brain health is your ability to learn, remember, plan and concentrate on things. Exercise is good for your brain – but it’s a different type of workout. Here are some things to know about boosting your own brain health.

    Puzzles are great – but they don’t fight dementia.

    There is no evidence that crosswords and sudoku puzzles can prevent Alzheimer’s disease. But they’re still great brain exercise, so keep doing them!

    Bring out your creative side.

    Recent studies show that doing a creative art can help improve memory, comprehension and problem-solving abilities as you age. So pick up that musical instrument, paintbrush or whatever is fun and creative for you to do.

    Talk to your doctor.

    If you’re worried about memory loss or brain changes, talk to your doctor. They can help you find out the cause of any brain changes and work toward a solution. For instance, lack of sleep and certain medications can cause changes in mood or memory.

    Source: National Institute on Aging

    © American Institute for Preventive Medicine